Varicose Veins: Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors among Women of Childbearing Age Attending a Primary Health Care Unit in Cairo, Egypt

Abstract

Background: Varicose veins are very common and affect individuals of all ages; however, unfortunately, their aetiology is partially understood. There is a scarcity of studies in Egypt investigating their prevalence and associated risk factors, especially among women of childbearing age. Objectives: This study was conducted to measure the prevalence and identify the risk factors associated with varicose veins among women of childbearing age (15-55 years old) attending primary healthcare center in Cairo. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 231 women attending El-Nahda center in the El-Salam medical area in Cairo, selected by systematic random sampling technique. Data were collected using an interview questionnaire and clinical examination. Results: the study shows that among 231 women of childbearing age (15-55 years old) attending primary healthcare center in Cairo, (51.1%) had varicose veins, and the most significant associated risk factors were age (35.84±9.14 years), weight (78.13±13.62 kg), duration of standing during a working day (7.72±2.54 days), hypertension (72%), lack of physical activity (56.9%), and family history of varicosities (45.5%). Conclusion: There was a high prevalence of leg varicose veins among the participants, and the risk of varicose veins increases with increasing age, prolonged standing, hypertension, having family history of varicosities and the absence of regular physical exercise. Recommendations: Health education programs should aim at controlling preventable risk factors for varicose veins, and screening for women with a family history of varicose veins should be strengthened.