The Evolution of Third Molars in Orthodontics: What about Anterior Dental Crowding? - A Systematic Review

Abstract

Background: Third molar influence on anterior crowding is controversial. However, it is assumed that it plays a significant role in compromising dental arch space. Aim: This study reviews the literature to clarify the role of third molars in anterior crowding and relapse after orthodontic treatment using a systematic review. Materials and Methods: A systematic search was conducted based on an electronic search of several databases (PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Cochrane Library) covering publications from 2010 to January 2022. The search was performed using the PICOS framework, limited to the following keywords in English and French: «wisdom tooth» OR « third molar » AND «anterior teeth crowding». Results: Based on the keywords used, 549 bibliographical references were initially identified. After removing duplicate references and studies, the number of articles was reduced to 315. A review of titles and abstracts resulted in the selection of 23 articles. After reading the complete text, six articles were included in this systematic review. Conclusion: No relationship between the incisors crowding and the presence of third molars was identified. Therefore, the indication for prophylactic removal of third molars to avoid incisor crowding is not justified.