Formulation of a lotion based on freeze-dried hydroethanolic extract of Feretia apodanthera against skin infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis

Abstract

Introduction: The perpetual quest for new therapies to combat disease is leading to ongoing exploration of natural resources. In Burkina-Faso, plant-based therapy and natural plant extracts are still used by the population to treat various ailments. The aim of this study was to formulate and evaluate antibacterial lotions based on Feretia apodanthera leaf extracts. Materials and methods: The microbiological sensitivity test was evaluated using the agar well method on five reference bacterial strains. MICs, BMCs and MIC/BMC ratios were determined by successive dilution methods using API strips and Petri dish agar respectively. Three lotions were formulated and physicochemical and organoleptic parameters (pH, sensitivity, washability, homogeneity, colour, odor and efficacy) were studied. Results and discussion: The extract obtained by hydroethanolic infusion showed the largest inhibition diameters ranging from 15.5±0.86; 12.5±1.03 to 9.5±4.76mm on Staphylococcus aureus; from 18±1.70; 15±1.60 to 12.5±6.25mm on Staphylococcus epidermidis and from 16±1.54; 10±5 to 13.5±1.73mm for Pseudomonas aeruginosa at concentrations of 100, 50 and 25mg/mL respectively. Lotions formulated with 10% of this extract showed inhibition diameters ranging from 12.5±0.5 to 14.5±0.5mm on Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis respectively. Evaluation of the quality control parameters indicated that the lotions were of good quality. Conclusion: Lotions formulated with lyophilized extracts of Feretia apodanthera demonstrated effective antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis. This would justify the traditional use of Feretia apodanthera in the treatment of infectious diseases.