Consequences of Alloxan-Induced Diabetes on certain Hematological and Hepatic parameters in Albino Mice

Abstract

Alloxan is widely used to induce diabetes in animal models because it selectively destroys pancreatic beta islets, which correlate with inverse change in the plasma concentration of insulin, resulting in beta cells necrosis. Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder which affects humans of all ages and has become epidemic in the last few years. Oxidative stress in DM can contribute to various abnormalities in the physiology of blood cells and liver impairment. The primary goal of this study is to investigate how diabetes affects blood parameters and liver function in an animal model, which contributes to managing various complications in diabetic patients. Twenty male Swiss albino mice were housed at research lab in pharmacology department, faculty of medicine, Benghazi. Mice were fasted for 48 hours and then classified into two groups; the first group did not receive any treatment while the second group received a single intraperitoneal injection of freshly prepared alloxan 200mg/kg dissolved in normal saline (PH 4.5) with a concentration of 1%. After one month, the blood samples were collected from all mice and analyzed. The main outcome is that induction of diabetes in albino mice result in elevated blood glucose level, weight loss, low RBC and WBC counts, elevated platelets count, and liver impairment. The findings of this study align with previous research investigating that diabetes can result in anemia, immune suppression, and liver damage. However, translational explanations must account for species-specific responses and model limitations.