Semi automatic road extraction from digital images

Abstract

Road extraction from digital images is of fundamental importance in the context of automatic mapping, effective urban planning and updating GIS databases. Very high spatial resolution (VHR) imagery acquired by airborne and space borne sensors is the main source for accurate road extraction. Manual techniques are fading away as they are time consuming and costly. Hence, road extraction method that is significantly more automated has become a research hotspot in remote sensing information processing. This paper proposes a semi-automatic approach to extract different road types from high-resolution remote sensing images. The approach is based on edge detection and SVM and mathematical morphology method. First the outline of the road is detected based on Canny operator. Then, Full Lambda Schedule merging method combines adjacent segments. Then the entire image was classified using Support Vector Machine (SVM) and various spatial, spectral, and texture attributes to form a road image. Finally, the quality of detected roads is improved using morphological operators. The algorithm was systematically evaluated on a variety of satellite images from Worldview, QuickBird and UltraCam airborne Images. The results of the accuracy evaluation demonstrate that the proposed road extraction approach can provide high accuracy for extraction of different road types.