Synthesis of LiFePO4 (Lithium Iron Phosphate) with Several Methods: A Review

Abstract

Olivine-type LiFePO4 these days is being observed by many researchers as a promising alternative cathode material in lithium-ion batteries since it was relatively cheaper, lower toxicity, and high safety. A few methods to synthesize LiFePO4 were used. However, it needs a review to find out which one is more effective. From the cost, process, or the end synthesis product aspect. This review contained 60 articles from the year 2002 to 2020. The discussed synthesis method is freeze-drying, hydrothermal, microwave heating, polyol process, supercritical water synthesized, co-precipitation, solid-state reaction, three steps calcination, solvothermal, sol-gel, rheological, and combustion process. From those methods, the most efficient way to synthesize LiFePO4 is the hydrothermal method. Because this method was cheaper, using relatively low temperature, rapid reaction time, reproducible, homogeneous particle size distribution, and larger electrochemical performance.