Prevalence of chronic viral hepatitis B in Bangui and Bimbo in the Central African Republic: cases of regular voluntary donors not eligible for blood donations

Abstract

Context and objective. Viral hepatitis B (VHB) by its evolution can lead to recovery or to a chronic form. This chronic form, a source of new contaminations, is not documented among voluntary blood donors (VBD) in Bangui and Bimbo. The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of chronic VHB among VBD in the two cities in the Central African Republic (CAR). Methods. The study carried out at the Bangui National Blood Transfusion Center was retrospective and focused on serological control data from VBD from Bangui, capital of CAR and Bimbo. The exhaustive sampling is from July 2013 to December 2019. A VBD carries a chronic infection if the VHB surface antigen persists for more than six months. Results. Serological control data from 702 VBD aged 18 to 62 years were analyzed. Male sex predominated at inclusion (n = 598). The prevalence of chronic VHB was 70.5 %. This prevalence was higher among young VBD aged 25 to 34 years (30.4 %), the male gender (58.4 %) and VBD residing in Bangui (61.2 %). The chronic form was significantly associated with young age (18 to 44 years) and male sex (p< 5%). Co-infection with HIV and hepatitis C was found in 5.5 % of cases (39/702). Conclusion. The prevalence of chronic VHB is very high in VBD from Bangui and Bimbo. The chronic form was significantly associated with age and sex. Free viral load and antiviral treatment are prospects to be implemented.