Relationship of Waist-Hip Ratio and Body Mass Index to Blood Pressure of Individuals in Ibadan North Local Government

Abstract

Several studies have shown that there is a significant relationship between relative weight and hypertension. The anatomical distribution of weight has also been shown to be a factor in determining which people are more susceptible to hypertension and thus at risk of developing cardiovascular diseases. This study investigated the relationship between two anthropometric measurements for obesity – body mass index (BMI) and waist-hip ratio (WHR), and the blood pressure of Nigerians aged 15-85 years. The study employed a cross-sectional survey of individuals living in Ibadan North Local Government Area of Oyo State. Four hundred and four male and female individuals were recruited using a non-probability sampling technique. Measurements taken include subjects’ systolic and diastolic blood pressure, waist and hip girths, height, and weight. Information was obtained about lifestyle and occupation as well as familial history of hypertension, diabetes, cardiac and renal diseases. Data was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics, with alpha set at 0.05. Results show that WHR and BMI had a linear relationship with the blood pressure of the participants. KEY WORDS: blood pressure, body mass index, waist-hip ratio, hypertension