Synthesis of Calcium Titanate Based on Natural Rutile from Madagascar

Abstract

This study describes a solid-state synthesis method for calcium titanate derived from the purification of natural rutile from Madagascar. Purification of this raw ore with concentrated hydrochloric acid eliminated undesirable secondary phases, such as hematite and montroseite, which were detected by various analytical techniques, including X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. The synthesis of CaTiO₃ at 1 100 °C from the purified rutile and calcium carbonate led to the formation of an orthorhombic calcium titanate, which was characterised by these advanced analytical methods. Dielectric characterisation of the synthesised CaTiO₃ revealed stable permittivity and low dielectric losses over a wide frequency range.